{
  "schemaVersion": "1.0",
  "book": "m-478",
  "number": 478,
  "title": "癌是怎样发生的？",
  "authors": [
    "李秋金"
  ],
  "sourceEdition": "初版（2026-10-19）",
  "taskVersion": "20261019-m478-unit-v1",
  "parts": [
    "癌是什么——过期指令的显露",
    "癌怎么发生——过期指令按原序重放（D）",
    "癌在哪里发生——土壤发许可证",
    "癌为什么越治越难——三期与随期剂量律",
    "五种癌，五种侧重：五个天然实验",
    "癌可以怎样不发生——归队与守护"
  ],
  "tasks": [
    {
      "lesson": 1,
      "problemId": "M478-C01",
      "part": 1,
      "title": "三张旧脸",
      "question": "写下你听说过的三种「癌是什么」的说法（命运、故障、敌人之类）。每种说法能解释什么、解释不了什么？",
      "checkpoint": "读完第1章，你的三句话里，哪一句多了一块『它在照着哪份旧指令做事』的空位？",
      "chapterTitle": "第1章　三张旧脸：恶魔、错误、敌人",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s6",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-01.json",
      "sourceSha256": "aac635e25b16a8b850dd65187bd2734bf04c549608c976a2d5d02151edbc0154"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 2,
      "problemId": "M478-C02",
      "part": 1,
      "title": "身上的种子",
      "question": "找一个你熟悉的『几乎人人都有、多数人没事』的现象（如旧伤疤、白发、长了又退的痘）。它为什么多数时候没有变成大事？",
      "checkpoint": "第2章说种子只是读数之一，请写出你认为还需要哪两个读数才能判断它算不算数。",
      "chapterTitle": "第2章　身上到处是\"癌种子\"",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s7",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-02.json",
      "sourceSha256": "1b4cbdc50d746bbc629c96ae3b8ff1a1a53278e5cebe03bc21adaa915ba7b59e"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 3,
      "problemId": "M478-C03",
      "part": 1,
      "title": "一个不负责的器官",
      "question": "把『肿瘤是一个有班子、有后勤的器官』换成你熟悉的行当（工地、厨房、学校）说一遍。",
      "checkpoint": "读后，用自己的话区分『用了同样的工具』和『按了同样的顺序』。",
      "chapterTitle": "第3章　肿瘤是一个不对身体负责的器官",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s8",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-03.json",
      "sourceSha256": "dfefb7d842c333e19bf5cae69d88c04b602f8f2d56a473786e440ad31e885641"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 4,
      "problemId": "M478-C04",
      "part": 1,
      "title": "谁在喂这些细胞",
      "question": "画一张图：一块土地里，除了癌细胞还有哪些角色（血管、免疫、成纤维细胞）？各自在『喂』还是『拦』？",
      "checkpoint": "第4章的图里，哪一个角色你最初没想到？为什么？",
      "chapterTitle": "第4章　一块地里，谁在喂这些细胞？",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s9",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-04.json",
      "sourceSha256": "03f432e6bb64baf794794810735b3f6d572ecbe959ac2f16a2a404978a5efd7a"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 5,
      "problemId": "M478-C05",
      "part": 1,
      "title": "导航不改路线",
      "question": "想一个『导航还按旧路线开』的生活场景：路已经变了，指令没变。写下三个要素。",
      "checkpoint": "读后，说明『旧指令』与『故障』的区别，各举一个例子。",
      "chapterTitle": "第5章　导航还在照旧路线开",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s10",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-05.json",
      "sourceSha256": "aa7ca68fc094c1f0088254a1457bcd1b906649597d8e510d0325bbf7444b81f9"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 6,
      "problemId": "M478-C06",
      "part": 2,
      "title": "收不了工的修复",
      "question": "回忆一次伤口愈合。哪一步算『开工』，哪一步算『收工』？如果收工信号迟到，会怎样？",
      "checkpoint": "第6章里，修复收工为什么不是一个按钮？写出两个可能的收工条件。",
      "chapterTitle": "第6章　修复为什么收不了工",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s13",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-06.json",
      "sourceSha256": "4b449f018f1c3ffce6b1fdd5887b50dacb7e8af9be45e85fa68620142c3b2922"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 7,
      "problemId": "M478-C07",
      "part": 2,
      "title": "产房重开",
      "question": "查一查或回忆：胚胎发育里有哪些程序在成年后通常是关着的？它们被重新打开意味着什么？",
      "checkpoint": "第7章把癌的行为对应到哪些发育模块？写出一个对应，并写出它怎样才算错。",
      "chapterTitle": "第7章　产房重开",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s14",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-07.json",
      "sourceSha256": "29d3c20fcb71f7f8cc0a646e259a37a5ef67f55ac2c70232d62496ac55c03376"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 8,
      "problemId": "M478-C08",
      "part": 2,
      "title": "返祖还是回到子宫",
      "question": "『回到几亿年前』和『回到妈妈的肚子里』，两种读法各预言什么不同的结果？",
      "checkpoint": "第8章给出的对照怎样检验？写出一个会让该读法落空的结果。",
      "chapterTitle": "第8章　返祖：回到几亿年前，还是回到妈妈的肚子里？",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s15",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-08.json",
      "sourceSha256": "d371ff8cd7164d2dcf7881b4d2933db4d807b3e763d64fde62fb49c6046ea16c"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 9,
      "problemId": "M478-C09",
      "part": 2,
      "title": "坡还是坎",
      "question": "分别举一个生活里『渐变的坡』和『突变的坎』的例子，再想想癌前到癌像哪一种。",
      "checkpoint": "第9章给出什么证据支持/反对其中一种？标出哪些是〔待核〕。",
      "chapterTitle": "第9章　临界跃迁：癌前到癌，是一道坡，还是一道坎？",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s16",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-09.json",
      "sourceSha256": "8eeaf618cefc33530b2110c81d064d9cc83e1414e55fd5ffcb422f78e51c1e7f"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 10,
      "problemId": "M478-C10",
      "part": 2,
      "title": "同一家面馆的三本账",
      "question": "用面馆的三本账（进货、出品、结算）类比一个组织。哪本账最容易被忽略？",
      "checkpoint": "读后，写出第10章三本账分别对应形状、路、土中的哪一个。",
      "chapterTitle": "第10章　同一家面馆的三本账",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s17",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-10.json",
      "sourceSha256": "d6ed5cb562b83b7e5b662c8ee6d4994c4eb54af4a83328d0adebf6ea127193ba"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 11,
      "problemId": "M478-C11",
      "part": 3,
      "title": "同一把种子两块畦",
      "question": "同样的种子落在两种土里，结果不同。请举一个生活或农事的例子。",
      "checkpoint": "第11章的『许可指数』想量的是什么？用自己的话写，并说明它还没被验证。",
      "chapterTitle": "第11章　同一把种子，两块畦",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s20",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-11.json",
      "sourceSha256": "342f98b5c21310243a8b19c42a88d0401b470a5afd33c59f6cc096d18eb0f344"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 12,
      "problemId": "M478-C12",
      "part": 3,
      "title": "没吸烟的人吸了什么",
      "question": "列出你能想到的、与吸烟无关的肺的暴露来源，哪些你可以了解而不必焦虑？",
      "checkpoint": "第12章怎样把『谁错了』换成『土里发生了什么』？写一句。",
      "chapterTitle": "第12章　没吸过烟的人，吸了什么",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s21",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-12.json",
      "sourceSha256": "4602fbadf6c2ec6313c932087d38441b78e8865ece9fbdf799e27c4e64646d7e"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 13,
      "problemId": "M478-C13",
      "part": 3,
      "title": "老人伤口为什么好得慢",
      "question": "观察或回忆：同样的伤口，不同年龄愈合速度不同。你认为差在哪一环？",
      "checkpoint": "第13章把这种差别与癌的土壤联系起来，写出这一联系的一个待验之处。",
      "chapterTitle": "第13章　同样一道口子，为什么老人好得慢？",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s22",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-13.json",
      "sourceSha256": "fecb5c5cd394cdf797f8784a44cf10d74952c74e60d8a8bee2098b31bd3854a9"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 14,
      "problemId": "M478-C14",
      "part": 3,
      "title": "夜班护士的三点钟",
      "question": "想想长期夜班或作息紊乱的人，身体里哪几个『钟』被打乱？",
      "checkpoint": "第14章的糖、缺氧与生物钟三条线，哪一条你最想追问？写一个问题给医生，而不是自己下结论。",
      "chapterTitle": "第14章　夜班护士的三点钟：糖、缺氧与生物钟",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s23",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-14.json",
      "sourceSha256": "f168b38f0787e2a81836931ce07c4140776f6981c44c77177c5acea3b79153a9"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 15,
      "problemId": "M478-C15",
      "part": 3,
      "title": "守门人被收编",
      "question": "用『守门人被收编』的比喻，说出免疫在肿瘤旁的角色变化。",
      "checkpoint": "第15章的『弹性期』用哪三项指标界定？它们是否已被验证？",
      "chapterTitle": "第15章　守门人被收编",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s24",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-15.json",
      "sourceSha256": "6695eca525414f21d0afd1921f94673e72aaf17df6a65f5e8acc86a3609c1795"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 16,
      "problemId": "M478-C16",
      "part": 4,
      "title": "一块变硬的地方",
      "question": "找一个『从柔到硬』的例子（疤、茧、老路面）。它变硬的代价是什么？",
      "checkpoint": "读后，区分弹性、硬化、锁死三期，写出各自的一个观察指标（均为待验）。",
      "chapterTitle": "第16章　一块变硬的地方",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s27",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-16.json",
      "sourceSha256": "2e8f560efa3c89f5cf85887dfb6d55ee69b323ec0d650f6bdaaced6c3ac6681e"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 17,
      "problemId": "M478-C17",
      "part": 4,
      "title": "「没有变化」是什么意思",
      "question": "读一段体检报告里常见的『无变化』『稳定』字样。它可能有哪几种含义？",
      "checkpoint": "第17章怎样区分『没有变化』与『已锁死』？列出需要追问的两个问题。",
      "chapterTitle": "第17章　「没有变化」是什么意思",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s28",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-17.json",
      "sourceSha256": "855a6c844483b555881f90dfbefb12ec2de8dfba090a54ccf33a0f2c3d8edc01"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 18,
      "problemId": "M478-C18",
      "part": 4,
      "title": "两句相反的医嘱",
      "question": "列出你听过的两句相反的健康建议。它们各自适合什么阶段？",
      "checkpoint": "第18章『随期剂量律』是否已被证实？写出它会在哪种结果下被推翻。",
      "chapterTitle": "第18章　两句相反的医嘱",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s29",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-18.json",
      "sourceSha256": "44caa47dfd0cb0df188f262fba59e274cc3ce2470c9b2b3a357a456aa2cae6f9"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 19,
      "problemId": "M478-C19",
      "part": 4,
      "title": "先到的不是癌细胞",
      "question": "想一想『先到的是炎症、是老化的邻居』这样的顺序，哪些现象可以支持？",
      "checkpoint": "第19章的顺序主张怎样才算错？写下一条。",
      "chapterTitle": "第19章　先到的不是癌细胞",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s30",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-19.json",
      "sourceSha256": "eda4b4d6228ed62144dbdb256faea411d35ffcb88cbdc39b8daa0da6e1ae5d65"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 20,
      "problemId": "M478-C20",
      "part": 4,
      "title": "局部的我吃掉整体的我",
      "question": "举一个『局部利益压过整体』的组织例子，再对应到身体。",
      "checkpoint": "第20章对『局部的我』的说法，哪里是比喻，哪里是主张？",
      "chapterTitle": "第20章　局部的我，吃掉整体的我",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s31",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-20.json",
      "sourceSha256": "ef8715b321b1f7f7d4e1ccaea0817d4f2852ce9b8852f20af731ae601ae61dc0"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 21,
      "problemId": "M478-C21",
      "part": 5,
      "title": "肺癌：空气就是土壤",
      "question": "把空气、气道、细胞放在一张图里，标出土、路、形状各是什么。",
      "checkpoint": "第21章肺癌的侧重是什么？与后面的肝癌侧重有何不同？",
      "chapterTitle": "第21章　肺癌：空气就是土壤",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s34",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-21.json",
      "sourceSha256": "711dbda4e4996764e32dcec7ca02a4624b11b65da6b8d4d9a65fdd376684ca0c"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 22,
      "problemId": "M478-C22",
      "part": 5,
      "title": "肝癌：再生很强，不等于安全",
      "question": "解释为什么『再生能力强』与『更安全』不是一回事，并举一个类比。",
      "checkpoint": "第22章肝癌的侧重点是什么？它怎样避免『再生强所以安全』这一误读？",
      "chapterTitle": "第22章　肝癌：再生很强，不等于安全",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s35",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-22.json",
      "sourceSha256": "24e94ac99e27a777ac3f85f0f7918c96b82b715753583fc16c4565ef3b4ec585"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 23,
      "problemId": "M478-C23",
      "part": 5,
      "title": "胃癌：胃把自己改成了肠",
      "question": "说说『肠化』这个词的字面意思，并画出变化前后的差别。",
      "checkpoint": "第23章中哪些关于干预益处的说法被标为〔待核〕？为什么要标出来？",
      "chapterTitle": "第23章　胃癌：胃把自己改成了肠",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s36",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-23.json",
      "sourceSha256": "89380fb0b542e0747322bddee296775404e2ac59a2fbcac97c5708d704faa720"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 24,
      "problemId": "M478-C24",
      "part": 5,
      "title": "结直肠癌：一条十年路",
      "question": "画一条时间线：从最早的变化到被发现，中间有哪些可以看见的站？",
      "checkpoint": "第24章把三期放在息肉路上只是『示意』，为什么定义要以导言为准？",
      "chapterTitle": "第24章　结直肠癌：一条看得见的十年路",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s37",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-24.json",
      "sourceSha256": "38dc95812cf83d8e2f17f117f52311a5ecaa0eeb6b0c6ec05c1bdd90da2a0b91"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 25,
      "problemId": "M478-C25",
      "part": 5,
      "title": "乳腺癌：出生后才长完的器官",
      "question": "说出乳腺在人一生中的几次大变化。",
      "checkpoint": "第25章对生育后风险的说法给了哪两个数字？它们为何标〔待核〕？",
      "chapterTitle": "第25章　乳腺癌：一个出生后才长完的器官",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s38",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-25.json",
      "sourceSha256": "819c6f7bf958abe2ba354b040e2f46d1c1028e4ea05ff4b51dad252e924254b8"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 26,
      "problemId": "M478-C26",
      "part": 6,
      "title": "从消灭到归队",
      "question": "区分『消灭癌细胞』与『让癌细胞归队』两种思路，各举一个设想。",
      "checkpoint": "第26章里哪些是已发表的工作，哪些是本书的待验读法？",
      "chapterTitle": "第26章　从消灭到归队：有一种癌，是被劝回去的",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s41",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-26.json",
      "sourceSha256": "a646a0344903929dd76e2b5bb5c5ba7f0a2b8453ec3db599c7a69a9640740066"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 27,
      "problemId": "M478-C27",
      "part": 6,
      "title": "打一张网",
      "question": "一道锁有三个插销：想象你要同时拨开三个，这给治疗设计带来什么难处？",
      "checkpoint": "第27章的『网』与前几编的哪几条线对应？",
      "chapterTitle": "第27章　打一张网：一道锁有三个插销",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s42",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-27.json",
      "sourceSha256": "ae305e47aa5efad648da8b225686390f3f4afe51335d61a63c29360d2d2c356c"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 28,
      "problemId": "M478-C28",
      "part": 6,
      "title": "五诊：一张没有人验证过的体检单",
      "question": "读第28章的五诊，选一诊说明它想看什么、还缺什么验证。",
      "checkpoint": "这张单子为什么只能是『待验』？写出它被证伪的一个条件。",
      "chapterTitle": "第28章　五诊：一张还没有人验证过的体检单",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s43",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-28.json",
      "sourceSha256": "03ee8241af35ca74d8b7ba9ad848117eaec154be76fa5ae36a05c5168dc46ecb"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 29,
      "problemId": "M478-C29",
      "part": 6,
      "title": "让修复按时收工",
      "question": "列出日常生活里有助于『按时收工』的习惯，但只写你能向医生确认的内容。",
      "checkpoint": "第29章的建议里，哪些是常识性生活方式，哪些需要听医生？各举一个。",
      "chapterTitle": "第29章　让修复按时收工：普通人的防癌日常",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s44",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-29.json",
      "sourceSha256": "5ee4632980873c1df696ad87a5302c091e684a65d3018dc7efee4cdf2d3caa5b"
    },
    {
      "lesson": 30,
      "problemId": "M478-C30",
      "part": 6,
      "title": "合唱团里没有人在指挥",
      "question": "用『合唱团』比喻说一遍：癌的发生没有单一指挥者意味着什么？",
      "checkpoint": "通读全书后，写下你最信、最不信的各一条主张，并写出各自会怎样被检验。",
      "chapterTitle": "第30章　合唱团里，没有人在指挥",
      "sourceUrl": "https://sdeuniverses.com/books/m/478/text/#s45",
      "sourceData": "/books/m/478/unit/sources/chapter-30.json",
      "sourceSha256": "68c0ff3496c5bc985a3a1ca8730124b6790a6fe732331e8f4cea2a9b006ef92f"
    }
  ],
  "companionDesign": true,
  "realModelTested": false,
  "learningEffectTested": false
}